Slasher roll



J. ROCKOFF June 30, 1953 SLASHER ROLL Filed Aug. l5, 1949 Al-us, ATTORNEY Patented June 30, 1953 SLASHER ROLL `lloseph Rochon", Dayton, Ohio, assigner to The Dayton Rubber Company, a corporation of Unio Application August 15, 1949, Serial No. 110,304

lo Claims. (Cl. 28--28) This invention relates to an apparatus for the impregnation of textile materials and more particularly to an apparatus for the application. of sizing to textile yarns in the operation known as slashing. This invention relates further to a novel type or" roll especially adapted for use in the slashing operation.

Slashing is an operation used in the textile industry in the application of sizing' material to textile fibers yarns and in particular to cotton, rayon, and artincial silk fibers. Various types of sizing materials are used depending on the type of yarn and the results desired. Starches are generally used in the sizing of cotton yarns; whereas gelatine, soluble starches,

and natural gums most generally used in the sizing of rayon yarns. The sizing material may also include soiteners, such as sulphonated oils, and penetrante or wetting out agents. The application of size to the textile yarn makes the yarn smoother and stronger to stand the strain of weaving, eliminates fra-ying, and facilitates subsequent handling oi the yarn.

In carrying out the slashing operatic-n, a number of strands of the work yarn are conveyed in parallel between one or more pairs of horizontal rollers usually arranged with. a bottom roll at least partially immersed in the sizing liquid and a top roll resting on the bottom roll and driven by the rotation thereof. The yarn may pass between the rolls without immersion in the bath, thus being impregnated by the sizing liquid carried into contact with it by the bottom roller, or in some may pass beneath the bottom roller for immersion in the sizing liquid prior to passing between the two rollers. The bottom rollers are generally made of copper are gear driven. The top rolls, commonly known as the Slasher rolls, are generally constructed of cast iron and are of considerable weight, usually weighing from 5G() to 700 lbs. each. rllhese are normally covered with resilient wool blankets. The function of the wool blanket, by the nature of its resilience and absorptive properties, is to remove excess size from the yarn as it emerges from the bite of the rollers. These blankets possess the nece. sary resilience and absorptive characteristics to properly dress the yarn to al predetermined proportion of sizing. In the case of cotton yarns using starch size, this usually runs to about 16% to 18% based on the weight of the yarn. In general, the Slasher roll must have the property of uniformly distributing the size and controlling the proportion which is permitted to remain in the yarn, and must minimize the waste of excess 2! sizing material. Furthermore, the roll surface must be resistant to hot size solutions, such as, boiling starch, and must also be resistant to oils and chemicals which may be incorporated with the sizing material. In addition, the roll must eliminate flattening of the yarn and leave no roll marks, and must uniformly retain its re- Silience and absorptiveness over its period of use.

The wool blanket performs its operation satisfactorily but has the disadvantage of cost and short life in service. Attempts have been made to substitute for the wool blanket rolls covered with other materialsy including synthetic rubber and the like, have been tried. Such attempts have been only partially successful since such roll surfaces, While more durable than Wool, have not equalled or exceeded its adaptability to the sizing of various types oi" yarn using various types of sizing material.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for the impregnation of textile materials with size or the like in which the roll surface shall be durable and the same time adaptable to a wide range of conditions.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a slashing roll having a surface structure which is highly resistant to the sizing material a-nd to the conditions of operation over a long period of time and which will at the same time properly dress the yarn to predetermined concentration of size.

In accordance with the present invention it has been found that an apparatus of the type described may bel constructed using rolls having rubber containing surfaces which will function over a. wide range of conditions to produce sized yarns containing predetermined proportions of sizing material. The result is obtained by forming the Slasher roll withv a surface composition of rubber having incorporated therein or admixed therewith a desired proportion of Wool rlbers. The wool-rubber composition is prepared by milling into the rubber the desired proportion of wool bers. Usually wool waste containing fibers ranging in length from le to 1,/2 is satisfactory for the purpose. The proportion of fibers incorporated with the rubber is variable and will depend upon the particular conditions involved. In general, it is preferred to utilize substantial proportions of wool ber and it has been found that an optimum range is from 100 to 2Go parts of wool ber by weight for each 100 parts of rubber hydrocarbon by weight.

The term rubber as used herein is intended to include both natural and synthetic rubbers. By the term synthetic rubbers is meant the synthetic elastomers having the properties of resilience, elasticity, and vulcanizability similar to those possessed by natural rubber. The synthetic rubbers in general include the rubber-like polymers of conjugated diolens and their copolymers with styrene, acrylic nitrile, and other monomers known to be copolymerizable therewith. The synthetic rubbers also include the chloroprene polymers known as neoprene, the iso-olefin dioleiin copolymers known as butyl rubber, and the polysuliide polymers known as Thiokol. In applications wherethe rolls are exposed to extreme conditions of temperature, oils,v

and the like, it is preferred to use the oil resistant types of synthetic rubber, such as neoprene, and the butadiene-acrylic nitrile copolymers, such as Hycar OR, and/or Buns-1.

The Slasher rolls may be composed entirely of the rubber-wool composition mounted onv an arbor shaft, but generally it is preferred to utilise this composition only as the roll surfacing material with the rest of the roll preferably con'- stituted of wool-free rubber of any desired type.

The invention will be more fully understood from the description of the accompanying drawings which illustrate a typical arrangement for the sizing of cotton yarns together with a typical construction. of a Slasher roll adapted for this purpose and constructed in accordance with the present invention.

In the drawings;

Fig. l is a side elevational View partly in cross section of an apparatus incorporating the novel features of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view partly in elevation taken along lines 2 2 of Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary cross sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings in detail, reference numeral l as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 indicates a container for holding Sizing bath Il. Thread or yarn to be sized is designated by reference nu meral l2. This material is guided between a front drive roll I3 and a back drive roll *ll both made of steel and mounted near the top of the bath so as to be partially submerged therein. Both of these rolls are driven by shaft 2d through beveled gears 25 and 26. Above each of the lower rolls I3 and l!! is mounted a rubber covered Slasher roll. These rolls are designated by reference numerals l5 and I6. These rolls run freely driven by the friction of their weight resting on the rotating bottom rolls.

in U shape slots 22 which are formed in end bearing brackets 23. These slots are open at the top to facilitate removal of the rolls for cleaning, and permit the full weight of rolls l5 and EE to bear upon the thread l2. Although Figs. l to 3 show the yarn or thread as keeping the top and bottom rolls slightly apart, this is for the purpose of illustration only Since in actual practice the surfaces of the Slasher rolls are sufficiently resilient so that they are in rolling contact with the bottom rolls with the thread or yarn in between.

'Each slasher roll l5 and IG comprises a layer of lthe desired wool fiber-rubber composition il on the surface, preferably cemented to or otherwise secured to an intermediate rubber layer EB which is in turn mounted upon a Shaft or arbor I9. 1f desired, the entire rubber portion of-the roll may be constructed of the wool-rubber composition, or the intermediate layer I8 of rubber The Slasher rolls are mounted in bearing blocks 2l vertically slid-.able

may be omitted and replaced by a synthetic resin composition, or by metal, or any other desired material.

Fig. 3 illustrates a cross section of a surface portion of the Slasher roll showing the wool fiber-rubber composition l1 in contact with the yarn l2. As shown, the wool fibers are dispersed in random fashion in the rubber.

A. typical compound used in making rolls of the present invention is as follows:

. Parts by weight Butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer (Hycar) 10D Zinc oxide 10 Sulfur 2 Accelerator l Whiting 50 Stearic acid 2 `Wool ber 100 Softener 10 A pair of Slasher rolls was fabricated having the following dimensions: core 6% diameter; finished roll /3 diameter, 58 in length. The core was covered with a layer of oil-resistant butadiene acrylic nitrile copolymer about 7/8 in thickness. This intermediate layer was then covered with a sleeve composed of the same type of rubber 1/8 in thickness but containing 100 parts of ground up wool fibers for each parts of rubber. This sleeve was adhered by means of cement to the intermediate layer. The rolls were then utilized in the slashing of cotton yarn in a sizing bath containing starch, tallow, emulsifying oils, natural gum, and water, operated at 212 F. These rolls were operated continuously for a period of four months and gave perfectly satisfactory performance during that period. At the end of that time the rolls were examined and found to show Some slight signs of wear. rEhe surface of each roll was then buied and surfaces a5 good as that of the original roll were obtained; The rebuffed rolls were then placed in operation and after an additional period of four months were still functioning satisfactorily. A pair of conventional metal rolls covered with. wool blankets operating with the same kind of sizing bath upon the same type of yarn, operated satisfactorily only for a period of about four weeks and could not be renewed or reused since a new covering had to be applied to the cores. This clearly demonstrates that the wool fiber-rubber composition performed as well as the wool blanket covered rolls but possessed strikingly greater durability since the rolls could be used almost indefinitely with occasional rebuning.

While certain specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein, it is not intended that it Shall be limited thereto the invention is susceptible to various modications and changes which come within the spirit of this disclosure and the scope of the appended claims.

l claim:

l. A Slasher roll for the controlled application of sizing material to textile fibers and yarn:l in textile sizing machines which comprises a face layer of milled rubber having a sf" therein.

2. A Slasher roll according to claim l wherein the wool fibers are in the proportion of one to part by 4. A slasher roll according to claim 1 wherein the rubber is natural rubber.

5. A slasher roll according to claim 1 wherein the rubber is synthetic rubber-like material.

6. A slasher roll according to claim 5 wherein the synthetic rubber-like material comprises a butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer.

7. A Slasher roll according to claim 1 wherein the rubber is a synthetic rubber-like material comprising a chloroprene polymer.

8. A Slasher roll for the controlled application of sizing material to textile fibers and yarns in textile sizing machines which comprises a metal core, an intermediate layer of rubber free from Wool ber, and a surface layer of milled rubber comprising a substantial proportion of Wool bers intimately dispersed therein.

9. An apparatus for the application of textile sizing liquids to textile materials comprising a liquid bath, a guide roll at least partially submerged in said bath for conveying textile materials therethrough, a rubber covered roll positioned above said guide roll exteriorly of the bath and. resting thereon, means for passing textile material between said rubber covered roll and said guide roll, said rubber covered roll having a surface composed of milled rubber having a substantial proportion of Wool bers intimately dispersed therein.

10. An apparatus according to claim 9 wherein the surface of the roll has incorporated therein from to 200 parts of wool ber for each 100 parts of rubber.

JOSEPH ROCKOFF.

References cited in the me of this patent UNITED sTATEs PATENTS 

